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点击科学

陶 陶 编译

2018-03/总第264期

阅读数1

6375.jpg

2018-02-02

封面上展示的是椭圆星系半人马座A的多波长合成图像,我们可以看到一个明显的尘埃带,以及从其中心超重黑洞喷射出来的气流。科学家们观测到,视野之外环绕半人马座A的矮卫星星系群,在一个垂直于尘埃带的相干平面上旋转。卫星星系的旋转平面对标准的宇宙论范式提出了质疑。

Multiwavelength composite image of the elliptical galaxy Centaurus A, revealing a prominent dust lane and jets emanating from its central supermassive black hole. Dwarf satellite galaxies that orbit Centaurus A beyond the field of view are found to rotate in a coherent plane, perpendicular to the dust lane. That rotating plane of satellite galaxies challenges the standard cosmological paradigm.


6376.jpg

2018-02-09

封面上展示的是一只正在空中飞行的蓝顶妍蜂鸟。蜂鸟以其快速加速、减速和瞬间转向的能力著称。各物种在空中机动性能上的表现不同,并且由于生物力学特性的多样性,物种进化的机动性各个方面也有所不同。这个框架可以应用于其他生物体,也可以应用于更容易操作的飞行器的设计。

A violet-crowned woodnymph (Thalurania colombica colombica) maneuvers in flight. Hummingbirds are known for their ability to rapidly accelerate, decelerate, and turn on a dime. Species vary in aerial maneuvering performance, and different aspects of maneuverability evolve as a result of various biomechanical traits. This framework may apply to other organisms and to the design of more maneuverable aircraft.


6377.jpg

2018-02-16

封面图展示的是一种南方树状漏斗网蜘蛛尖牙上的有毒液滴。当受到威胁时,这种蜘蛛就会暴跳起来,而毒液会慢慢地流到毒牙的末端。当蜘蛛保持防御姿态时,毒液滴会越聚越多逐渐变大。关于毒液的进化、功能和生物医学应用的戈登研究会议将于2018年8月5—10日在美国佛蒙特州西多佛市举行。

A southern tree funnel-web spider (Hadronyche cerberea) with venom droplets on its fangs. When threatened, this spider rears up, and venom slowly flows to the end of its fangs. The venom droplets grow larger as the spider holds its defensive posture. The Gordon Research Conferences on Venom Evolution, Function and Biomedical Applications will be held from 5 to 10 August 2018 in West Dover, Vermont.


6378.jpg

2018-02-23

封面图展示的是位于西班牙坎塔布里亚一个名为La Pasiega的洞穴中的壁画。利用U-Th方法对画作顶部的碳酸盐外壳进行年代测定,就能够了解其底部的艺术品最接近的年限范围。图中由垂直和水平的红线(图像中间偏左的部分)组成的阶梯状(梯形)图案至少有64 000年历史。这是在西班牙的尼安德特人三幅洞穴壁画之一。

A painting in La Pasiega cave in Cantabria, Spain. Carbonate crusts on top of paintings were dated with the U-Th method to provide minimum ages for the underlying art. The scalariform (ladder shape) composed of vertical and horizontal red lines (center left) is at least 64,000 years old. This is one of three cave paintings in Spain shown to be of Neandertal origin.

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