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点击科学

陶陶编译

2018-10/总第271期

阅读数1


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2018-08-17

封面图展示的是几株普通小麦的麦穗,这是3个不同基因组的杂交种。科学家们最近完成了对1个高品质参照小麦基因组的测序,并确定了这3个祖先基因组是如何在基因水平上构成人类营养的主要组成部分。

Spikes of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), a hybrid of three distinct genomes. Scientists have recently completed sequencing of a high-quality reference wheat genome and identified how the three ancestral genomes work at a genetic level to form a staple of human nutrition.


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2018-08-24

封面图展示的是由双层石墨烯引起的准周期性拼砌。被称为狄拉克电子的相对论性电子是在一个准晶体上实现的,准晶体的准备工作是通过将一个原子级的薄碳层以30°扭角位置沉积在另一个原子上。3种基本的构造块——正方形、菱形和等边三角形——具有不同的方向可以填满12倍旋转对称准晶体的整个空间,而不需要平移对称。

Quasi-periodic tiling arises from bilayer graphene. Relativistic electrons called Dirac electrons are realized on a quasicrystal prepared by depositing one atomically thin carbon layer atop another at a 30° twist angle. Three basic building blocks—squares, rhombuses, and equilateral triangles—with different orientations can fill the entire space of the 12-fold rotationally symmetric quasicrystal without translational symmetry.


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2018-08-31

封面图展示的是一个莫比乌斯带,象征着技术和科学的无限循环。研究学者已经开始拥护革命性的生物技术——例如超分辨率显微镜和基于CRISPR系统的基因工程——从而推进尖端科学,并且从中获得的知识往往可以用来开发更加强大的技术。

A Möbius strip symbolizes the infinite cycle of technology and science. Researchers have embraced revolutionary biotechnologies—such as super-resolution microscopy and CRISPR-based genetic engineering—to advance scientific frontiers, and the knowledge gained can often be used to develop even more powerful technologies.


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2018-09-07

封面上展示的是在美国怀俄明州的绿河上涉水而过的1只叉角羚羊,它正在长达160千米的迁徙路途中寻找高品质的食物。为了找到正确的方向,有蹄类动物(有蹄类哺乳动物)必须学会在何时何地进行迁徙。同时,重新引入的大角羊和驼鹿种群证明,这种知识是世代相传的。保护迁徙走廊会有助于这些动物保持这种种群文化知识,并且能够维持充足的种群数量。

Pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) ford the Green River in Wyoming, United States, on a 160-km migration in search of high-quality food. To navigate successfully, ungulates (hooved mammals) must learn when and where to migrate, and reintroduced populations of bighorn sheep and moose demonstrate that this knowledge is passed across generations. Conservation of migration corridors helps these animals maintain this cultural knowledge and sustain abundant populations.

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