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[点击科学]2020年12月点击科学

陶 陶 编译

2020-12/总第297期

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2020-10-09

封面图展示的是在新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2表面,被保护性聚糖分子覆盖的刺突蛋白(图中青色部分),是COVID-19疫苗开发的主要靶点。该刺突蛋白包含3个铰链,使其在病毒表面高度灵活,并可使宿主细胞更加容易进入。这里显示的刺突位置来自于完整的SARS-CoV-2病毒粒子的结构数据。


The spike protein (teal), covered in protective glycan molecules, on the surface of SARS-CoV-2 is the primary target for COVID-19 vaccine development. The spike contains three hinges that enable it to be highly flexible on the viral surface and may facilitate host cell entry. The spike positions shown here are from structural data of intact SARS-CoV-2 virions.


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2020-10-16

唐纳德·特朗普的总统任期一直以不公正对待科学与证据为特征。如今,选民们正在决定谁将入主白宫,此时正值一系列与科学相关的危机,包括新冠病毒COVID-19大流行、森林火灾和气候变化,以及围绕移民和种族公正的激烈辩论等。


Donald Trump's presidency has been marked by a dismissal of science and evidence. Now, voters are deciding who will occupy the White House amid a host of science-related crises, including the COVID-19 pandemic, forest fires and climate change, and fierce debates over immigration and racial justice.

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2020-10-23

封面图上展示的是一只名叫兰霍的25岁雄性黑猩猩,它生活在乌干达基巴莱国家公园的Kanyawara社区。长期观察表明,野生黑猩猩和人类一样,在年龄增长的过程中会越来越重视强大的、共同的社会纽带与积极的社会联系。近亲的社会选择性揭示出了成功的社会老龄化的进化根源。


Lanjo, a 25-year-old male chimpanzee living in the Kanyawara community in Kibale National Park, Uganda. Long-term observations show that wild chimpanzees, like humans, increasingly prioritize strong, mutual social bonds and positive social interactions during the aging process. Social selectivity in our close relatives reveals the evolutionary roots of successful social aging.


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2020-10-30

封面图上展示的是在美国俄勒冈州罗格河里游弋的奇努克鲑鱼。通过对加利福尼亚州克拉马斯河的部落渔业捕获物进行基因组测序与分析表明,不同种群的鲑鱼生态型是由一种简单的孟德尔多态性造成的,它影响了鲑鱼产卵洄游的季节性。长期以来被认为是区分生态型的生理和生殖差异,其实是由于在不同生态系统中夏季栖息地的环境影响而出现的。


Chinook salmon swimming in the Rogue River, Oregon. Genome sequencing and analysis of tribal fishery catch in the Klamath River, California, show that salmon ecotypes in diverse populations result from a simple Mendelian polymorphism that affects seasonality of spawning migration. Physiological and reproductive differences long thought to distinguish ecotypes appear as a result of environmental effects from summer residence in different ecosystems.



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