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[点击科学]2022年8月点击科学

陶 陶 编译

2022-08/总第317期

阅读数1

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2022-06-24

封面插画描绘的是人类活动导致了全球气候变暖,并且限制了我们减缓这一进程的选择。尽管我们无法使其恢复如初,但仍有一些途径可以避免灾难性的气候变化并减少其影响。我们必须立即行动起来,大幅减少温室气体排放,改变我们种植粮食、消费产品及管理生态系统的方法,从而避免毁灭性的未来。

Humanity’s actions have committed us to a warming climate and limited our options for mitigation. Although there is no turning back, some paths are still open to avoid catastrophic climate change and reduce its impacts. We must act now to drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions and change our approaches to growing food, consuming products, and managing ecosystems to avoid a dire future. 


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2022-07-01

封面图展示的是在2022年1月14日,汤加洪加火山喷发出的火山灰和气体柱。全球地球物理观测数据显示,1月15日的高潮喷发产生了大范围的大气波动,其压力波振幅可与1883年喀拉喀托火山爆发相媲美。当猛烈的大气波动在全世界的海洋中扩散时,会引发复杂且高速运动的海啸。

An ash and gas plume rises from Hunga volcano, Tonga, on 14 January 2022. Global geophysical observations reveal that the climactic eruption that followed on 15 January produced a broad range of atmospheric waves, with pressure wave amplitudes comparable with those from the 1883 Krakatau eruption. While propagating over the world’s oceans, the remarkable atmospheric waves generated complex fast-traveling tsunamis. 


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2022-07-08

封面图展示的是一种名为蒙塔涅蜜环菌的产孢蘑菇,它生长在智利并且以树为食。研究人员对全球土壤真菌的多样性和分布知之甚少。为了填补这一空白,一个新的非营利组织正在资助一个全球范围内的地表下侦查网络。

The spore-producing mushroom of Armillaria montagnei feeds on a tree in Chile. Researchers know little about the global diversity and distribution of soil fungi. To help fill that gap, a new nonprofit is funding a global network of subterranean sleuths.


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2022-07-15

封面图展示的是来自一个扫描探针显微镜尖端的电压脉冲,诱导具有选择性和可逆性的单分子化学反应。浪涌极性和电压脉冲的幅度会选择不同的结构异构体(在这里区分为不同深浅的红色、橙色和黄色)。这些发现促进了我们对尖端诱导化学反应和一般还原氧化反应的理解。

Voltage pulses from the tip of a scanning probe microscope induce single-molecule chemical reactions with selectivity and reversibility. Different constitutional isomers (distinguished here in shades of red, orange, and yellow) are selected by the polarity and magnitude of the voltage pulse. The findings advance the understanding of tip-induced chemistry and reduction-oxidation reactions in general.

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