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[点击科学]2023年10月点击科学

陶 陶 编译

2023-10/总第331期

阅读数3

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2023-08-18

封面图片展示了(从左上角开始依顺时针方向)哈伦地懒、西部骆驼、西部马、恐狼、古野牛和剑齿虎的最新标本。这些化石是在美国加利福尼亚州洛杉矶的拉布雷亚牧场出土的,是这些物种已知的最后一批幸存成员。

This image shows the youngest dated specimens of (clockwise from top left) Harlan’s ground sloth (Paramylodon harlani), western camel (Camelops hesternus), western horse (Equus occidentalis), dire wolf (Aenocyon dirus), antique bison (Bison antiquus), and saber-toothed tiger (Smilodon fatalis). These fossils were excavated at Rancho La Brea in Los Angeles, California, and are the last known surviving members of their species.

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2023-08-25

封面图片描绘了整个染色体,其中一些具有可能在癌症中发现的结构异常。数十年来,人们已经了解到癌细胞具有非整倍性,也就是染色体数目和染色体部分的异常。吉里什等人利用现代生物学工具,对具有或不具有特定染色体异常的癌细胞进行了基因工程改造,展示了肿瘤是如何依赖它们生存的,并阐明了非整倍性的生物学意义。

This image depicts whole chromosomes, some with structural abnormalities that might be found in cancer. The idea that cancer cells have aneuploidy—abnormal numbers of chromosomes and chromosome portions—has been known for decades. Using modern biological tools, Girish et al. engineered cancer cells with and without specific chromosome abnormalities, showing how tumors rely on them for survival and clarifying the biological role of aneuploidy.

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2023-09-01

封面上展示的是无人机在土耳其卡赫拉曼马拉什镇附近拍摄的照片,可以看到2023年土耳其地震序列第一次主震产生的地表破裂,由于断层滑移使农田形成偏离。破裂的总长度超过300千米(照片仅显示了其中的一小部分),这是由于一系列不太可能发生的事件突破了多个潜在障碍造成的。

A drone photograph, taken near the town of Kahramanmaraş, of the surface rupture produced by the first mainshock of the 2023 Turkey earthquake sequence shows agricultural fields offset by the fault slip. The total rupture length is more than 300 km (only a small fraction of which is shown), resulting from an unlikely cascade of events that broke through multiple potential barriers.

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2023-09-08

封面上展示的这幅艺术作品描绘了一个人在穿过一次性餐具垃圾堆时收集绿色积分,最终利用积累的积分种了一棵树。研究人员与“阿里巴巴”合作研究表明,在应用程序中推广一些简单的绿色活动,包括将默认设置更改为“无需餐具”并奖励一些非货币的绿色积分,可以显著减少用户对一次性餐具的消耗,并带来巨大的环保效益。

This artwork depicts a person collecting green points when passing through trash piles of single-use cutlery, eventually using the accumulated points to grow a tree. Collaborating with Alibaba, researchers show that simple green nudges, which include changing the default to “no cutlery” and awarding nonmonetary green points, markedly reduced app users’ single-use cutlery consumption and brought about substantial environmental benefits.

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